By Manas Chanda
ISBN-10: 0849370396
ISBN-13: 9780849370397
ISBN-10: 1420006363
ISBN-13: 9781420006360
• provides varied features of polymers on the molecular level
• Examines the polymer fabrication methods for plastics, rubber, and fiber
• specializes in the 4 major houses of plastics—mechanical, electric, optical, and thermal
• Covers either universal business polymers and novel polymeric materials
• Highlights the professionals and cons of various plastics recycling technologies
Because the sphere of plastics is without doubt one of the quickest altering components at the present time, you should to provide proper, complete fabric on polymers. a longtime resource of data on smooth plastics, the Plastics know-how Handbook keeps to supply up to date assurance at the houses, processing tools, and functions of polymers. preserving the easy-to-follow constitution of the former variants, this fourth variation comprises new issues of curiosity that mirror contemporary advancements and bring about higher insights into the molecular habit of polymers.
New to the Fourth Edition
• Advances in supramolecular polymerization, flame retardancy, polymer-based nanomedicines, and drug delivery
• the hot inspiration of oxo-biodegradable polymers
• Broadened dialogue on plastic foams and foam extrusion processes
• additional information at the processing and purposes of commercial polymers, together with the rising box of nanoblends
• advancements in polymer synthesis and purposes, similar to polymeric sensors, hydrogels and shrewdpermanent polymers, hyperbranched polymers, form reminiscence polymers, polymeric optical fibers, scavenger resins, polymer nanocomposites, polymerization-filled composites, and wood-polymer composites
• A cutting-edge account of a number of the to be had tools for plastics recycling
• Advances within the use of polymers in packaging, development, the automobile and aerospace industries, agriculture, electronics and electric expertise, biomedical functions, corrosion prevention, and activities and marine applications
Plastics expertise instruction manual, Fourth Edition completely covers conventional commercial polymers and their processing equipment in addition to modern polymeric fabrics, contemporary tendencies, and the most recent functions.
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Additional info for Plastics technology handbook
Example text
The cross-links in elastomers are typically a few hundred carbon atoms apart. 1 atomic weight of sulfurZ32. 9 5=32 Z 0:101 or 10:1% 60=54 C 30=68 Thermal Transitions in Polymers The term “transition” refers to a change of state induced by changing the temperatures or pressure. Two major thermal transitions are the glass transition and the melting, the respective temperatures being called Tg and Tm. 1 Tg and Tm All polymers are hard rigid solids at sufficiently low temperatures, but as the temperature rises a thermoplastic polymer eventually acquires sufficient thermal energy to enable its chains to move freely enough for it to behave like a viscous liquid (assuming there is no degradation).
A lower melt index indicates a higher molecular weight, and vice versa. 4 Polydispersity Index The ratio of weight-average molecular weight to number-average molecular weight is called the dispersion or polydispersity index (I). 3) and is used as such for characterization purposes. 5, but it may range to 15 or greater. The higher the value of I is, the Greater is the spread of the molecularweight distribution of the polymer. , pure chemicals), IZ1. There is usually a molecular size for which a given polymer property will be optimum for a particular application.
The different types of thermal response in this transition from a rigid solid to an eventually liquid state can be illustrated in several ways. 17. 17 Schematic representation of the change of specific volume of a polymer with temperature for a completely amorphous sample (A–B–C), a semicrystalline sample (A–D–E), and a perfectly crystalline material (A–F–G). 17) or enthalpy–temperature plot at the transition temperature. 18. 18 Idealized variations (a,b) in volume (V) and enthalpy (H). Also shown (c,d) are a, the volume coefficient of expansion, and Cp, the heat capacity, which are, respectively, the first derivatives of V and H with respect to temperature (T).
Plastics technology handbook by Manas Chanda
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