By Lindsay N. Childs
ISBN-10: 0387745270
ISBN-13: 9780387745275
ISBN-10: 0387747257
ISBN-13: 9780387747255
This ebook is a casual and readable advent to better algebra on the post-calculus point. The options of ring and box are brought via research of the ordinary examples of the integers and polynomials. a robust emphasis on congruence sessions leads in a common approach to finite teams and finite fields. the recent examples and idea are inbuilt a well-motivated type and made correct by way of many functions - to cryptography, errors correction, integration, and particularly to straightforward and computational quantity idea. The later chapters contain expositions of Rabin's probabilistic primality try out, quadratic reciprocity, the class of finite fields, and factoring polynomials over the integers. Over one thousand workouts, starting from regimen examples to extensions of conception, are came across during the e-book; tricks and solutions for plenty of of them are incorporated in an appendix.
The re-creation comprises subject matters reminiscent of Luhn's formulation, Karatsuba multiplication, quotient teams and homomorphisms, Blum-Blum-Shub pseudorandom numbers, root bounds for polynomials, Montgomery multiplication, and more.
"At each level, a large choice of purposes is presented...The ordinary exposition is suitable for the meant audience"
- T.W. Hungerford, Mathematical Reviews
"The variety is leisurely and casual, a guided journey in the course of the foothills, the advisor not able to withstand various part paths and go back visits to favourite spots..."
- Michael Rosen, American Mathematical Monthly
Read Online or Download A Concrete Introduction to Higher Algebra PDF
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Additional resources for A Concrete Introduction to Higher Algebra
Example text
Babylonian mathematicians kept clay tablets on hand containing base 60 multiplication tables. ) Long division works in any base as well. In fact, in base 2 it is particularly easy, because in determining the correct digits of the quotient, no guesswork is involved. On the other hand, in base a where a is large it is harder to determine the digits of the quotient. A. L. Stein in 1960 that the closer the first digit of the divisor is to the base a, the easier guessing the digits of the quotient is.
Q j−1 , q j , q j+1 , . . , qm }. But then the two factorizations of a are the same, and the result is true for the number a. That would prove the theorem by complete induction. We prove that if p1 · . . · pn = q1 · . . · qm , then p1 = q j for some j by means of the following important lemma: 4 Unique Factorization 55 Lemma 3. If p is prime and p divides bc, then p divides b or p divides c. Proof. We use Corollary 8 of Chapter 3, an application of Bezout’s Identity, namely: if a divides bc and (a, b) = 1, then a divides c.
Then we see that 2 is a divisor of 1686: 1686 = 2 · 843, so 3372 = 2 · 2 · 843. Then we see that 3 divides 843: 843 = 3 · 281, so 3372 = 2 · 2 · 3 · 281. Finally, √ we check that 281 is not divisible by 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 or 13, and observe that 17 > 281, so 281 must be prime by Exercise 5, below, and we have the factorization of 3372 into a product of primes, 3372 = 2 · 2 · 3 · 281. There are obvious tricks for testing a number n for divisibility by 2, 3, or 5. Later we shall see tests for 7, 11, and 13.
A Concrete Introduction to Higher Algebra by Lindsay N. Childs
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